新增后台数据库备份与回滚

frontend/src/api.ts

@@ -104,3 +104,18 @@ export interface OperationLog {
   summary: string;
   created_at: string;
 }
+
+export interface DatabaseBackup {
+  filename: string;
+  database_type: string;
+  created_at: string;
+  size_bytes: number;
+  size_label: string;
+  reason: string | null;
+  note: string | null;
+}
+
+export interface RestoreDatabaseBackupResult {
+  restored_backup: DatabaseBackup;
+  pre_restore_backup: DatabaseBackup;
+}

frontend/src/router/index.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";
 
+import AdminBackups from "../views/AdminBackups.vue";
 import AdminCertificates from "../views/AdminCertificates.vue";
 import AdminHome from "../views/AdminHome.vue";
 import AdminImports from "../views/AdminImports.vue";
@@ -26,7 +27,8 @@ export const router = createRouter({
         { path: "learners", component: AdminLearners },
         { path: "certificates", component: AdminCertificates },
         { path: "imports", component: AdminImports },
-        { path: "logs", component: AdminLogs }
+        { path: "logs", component: AdminLogs },
+        { path: "backups", component: AdminBackups }
       ]
     },
     { path: "/query", component: CertificateQuery },

frontend/src/views/AdminBackups.vue

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+<template>
+  <section>
+    <header class="page-head">
+      <div>
+        <h2>备份管理</h2>
+        <p>查看本地数据库备份，必要时手动备份或回滚到指定时间点。</p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="head-actions">
+        <el-button @click="loadBackups">刷新</el-button>
+        <el-button type="primary" :loading="creating" @click="createBackup">立即备份</el-button>
+      </div>
+    </header>
+
+    <el-alert
+      class="risk-alert"
+      type="warning"
+      show-icon
+      :closable="false"
+      title="回滚会覆盖当前数据库。系统会先自动备份当前库，再执行恢复；建议在无人操作后台时使用。"
+    />
+
+    <el-card class="panel" shadow="never">
+      <div class="panel-head">
+        <div>
+          <h3>本地备份点</h3>
+          <p>备份文件保存在服务器的系统数据目录中，只能由系统管理员操作。</p>
+        </div>
+        <el-tag type="info">{{ backups.length }} 个备份</el-tag>
+      </div>
+
+      <el-table v-loading="loading" :data="backups" border empty-text="还没有数据库备份">
+        <el-table-column label="备份时间" min-width="180">
+          <template #default="{ row }">{{ formatTime(row.created_at) }}</template>
+        </el-table-column>
+        <el-table-column prop="filename" label="文件名" min-width="300" show-overflow-tooltip />
+        <el-table-column label="数据库" width="110">
+          <template #default="{ row }">
+            <el-tag>{{ row.database_type }}</el-tag>
+          </template>
+        </el-table-column>
+        <el-table-column prop="size_label" label="大小" width="110" />
+        <el-table-column label="来源" min-width="170">
+          <template #default="{ row }">{{ reasonLabel(row.reason) }}</template>
+        </el-table-column>
+        <el-table-column label="操作" width="130" fixed="right">
+          <template #default="{ row }">
+            <el-button type="danger" plain size="small" :loading="restoring === row.filename" @click="confirmRestore(row)">
+              回滚
+            </el-button>
+          </template>
+        </el-table-column>
+      </el-table>
+    </el-card>
+  </section>
+</template>
+
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { ElMessage, ElMessageBox } from "element-plus";
+import { onMounted, ref } from "vue";
+
+import { http, type DatabaseBackup, type RestoreDatabaseBackupResult } from "../api";
+
+const backups = ref<DatabaseBackup[]>([]);
+const loading = ref(false);
+const creating = ref(false);
+const restoring = ref("");
+
+function formatTime(value: string) {
+  if (!value) return "-";
+  const date = new Date(value);
+  if (Number.isNaN(date.getTime())) return value;
+  return date.toLocaleString("zh-CN", { hour12: false });
+}
+
+function reasonLabel(reason: string | null) {
+  if (!reason || reason === "manual") return "手动备份";
+  if (reason.startsWith("pre_restore_")) return "回滚前自动备份";
+  return reason;
+}
+
+async function loadBackups() {
+  loading.value = true;
+  try {
+    const { data } = await http.get<DatabaseBackup[]>("/admin/backups");
+    backups.value = data;
+  } finally {
+    loading.value = false;
+  }
+}
+
+async function createBackup() {
+  creating.value = true;
+  try {
+    await http.post<DatabaseBackup>("/admin/backups", { reason: "manual" });
+    ElMessage.success("数据库备份已创建");
+    await loadBackups();
+  } finally {
+    creating.value = false;
+  }
+}
+
+async function confirmRestore(row: DatabaseBackup) {
+  const confirmation = `RESTORE ${row.filename}`;
+  try {
+    const { value } = await ElMessageBox.prompt(
+      `将数据库回滚到 ${formatTime(row.created_at)}。请输入确认语：${confirmation}`,
+      "确认回滚数据库",
+      {
+        confirmButtonText: "确认回滚",
+        cancelButtonText: "取消",
+        inputPlaceholder: confirmation,
+        inputValidator: (input) => input.trim() === confirmation || "确认语不正确",
+        type: "warning",
+      },
+    );
+    restoring.value = row.filename;
+    const { data } = await http.post<RestoreDatabaseBackupResult>(`/admin/backups/${encodeURIComponent(row.filename)}/restore`, {
+      confirmation: String(value),
+    });
+    ElMessage.success(`已回滚，回滚前备份：${data.pre_restore_backup.filename}`);
+    await loadBackups();
+  } finally {
+    restoring.value = "";
+  }
+}
+
+onMounted(loadBackups);
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.page-head {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 16px;
+  margin-bottom: 16px;
+}
+
+.page-head p,
+.panel-head p {
+  margin: 6px 0 0;
+  color: #64748b;
+}
+
+.head-actions {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 8px;
+}
+
+.risk-alert {
+  margin-bottom: 16px;
+}
+
+.panel {
+  border-radius: 8px;
+}
+
+.panel-head {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  align-items: flex-start;
+  gap: 16px;
+  margin-bottom: 14px;
+}
+
+.panel-head h3 {
+  margin: 0;
+  font-size: 18px;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 900px) {
+  .page-head,
+  .panel-head {
+    align-items: stretch;
+    flex-direction: column;
+  }
+
+  .head-actions {
+    justify-content: flex-start;
+  }
+}
+</style>

frontend/src/views/AdminLogs.vue

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
           <el-option label="学员" value="learner" />
           <el-option label="证书" value="certificate" />
           <el-option label="导入批次" value="import_batch" />
+          <el-option label="数据库备份" value="database_backup" />
           <el-option label="公开访问" value="public_access" />
         </el-select>
         <el-select v-model="filters.risk" clearable placeholder="风险等级">
@@ -119,6 +120,8 @@ const actionOptions = [
   { value: "confirm_import_batch", label: "确认导入" },
   { value: "delete_import_batch", label: "删除导入批次" },
   { value: "export_certificates", label: "导出证书" },
+  { value: "create_database_backup", label: "创建数据库备份" },
+  { value: "restore_database_backup", label: "回滚数据库备份" },
   { value: "public_search_certificate", label: "公开查询证书" },
   { value: "public_download_certificate", label: "公开下载证书" },
 ];

frontend/src/views/AdminShell.vue

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
         <el-menu-item index="/admin/certificates">证书管理</el-menu-item>
         <el-menu-item index="/admin/imports">Excel 导入</el-menu-item>
         <el-menu-item index="/admin/logs">操作日志</el-menu-item>
+        <el-menu-item index="/admin/backups">备份管理</el-menu-item>
       </el-menu>
       <el-button class="logout" @click="logout">退出登录</el-button>
     </aside>